Pearls

Published: June 20, 2007

Types: Natural pearls are formed when a foreign object irritates the lining of a mollusk shell (usually an oyster) and the mollusk secretes layers of nacre to cover it. Cultured pearls are produced when people implant the irritant and monitor the coating process. Today, most pearls are cultured. Pearl colors vary according to the type of mollusk and the minerals in the water. For more pearl shapes, see Beader's Glossary.

History: The traditional birthstone for June, pearls have long symbolized purity and good health.

Origins: China and Japan are the largest producers of cultured pearls. Large (10-17mm) Tahitian pearls are cultured in the South Pacific.

Treatments: Many pearls are bleached to enhance whiteness. Irradiation and dyeing, which can produce virtually any color, are also common.

Availability: The most desirable pearls match in size, shape, color, and luster, so it can take years to complete a necklace of natural pearls. For a quicker, more affordable option, buy enhanced cultured pearls. Or, try Swarovski pearls, which are perfectly round crystal imitations.

Care: To preserve the nacre, apply cosmetics before putting on your pearl necklace. Store pearls so they aren't scratched by other jewelry, and have them restrung periodically because strands can break.

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